Root plasticity improves salt tolerance in different genotypes of lentil (Lens culinaris)

The phenotypic plasticity of plant is related to the ability to adapt its anatomy and morpho-functionality to environmental changes and it is expressed mainly by organs used for the uptake of resources, as leaves and roots (Smilauerova et al. 2002). Therefore the complexity and variability of radical system is the outcome of the root adaptation to soil heterogeneity (Waisel et al. 2002). Many abiotic stresses can induce alterations in plant morphology, such as root branching, total root length and root hair formation (Potters et al. 2007). These modifications can affect physiological characteristics of the root system, interfering with water uptake and nutrient supply by plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the salt effects on root growth and morphology of lentil seedlings grown in a salinized soil. In particular the microsperma landrace “Ustica”, a genotype considered salt tolerant was investigated in comparison with a salt sensitive one (Eston). Various morphological root parameters such as length, volume, diameter and surface area were tested, as they are valuable parameters when describing and comparing root systems. Structural and morphological differences in roots certainly play an essential role for nutrient and water uptake by plants from saline soil and the study of these parameters can help to determine different mechanisms underlying salt toxicity and the way plants can cope with saline conditions.